Canada

BASIC FACTS
 Capital
o Ottawa
 Official languages
o English
o French
 Area = 9.970.610 km2
 Largem cities
o Montreal, Calgary
o Toronto, Vancouver
 Metropolitan areas
o Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver
 National symbols
o Maple Lea and beaver
o Canada’s flag
 Red with 11-pointed maple Lea on the the white square
PEOPLE
 Population = 33.310.000
 Major ethnic/national groups
o European descendants, Asian
o Native people  Native Americans, the Inuit or Eskimos







LAND AND CLIMATE

 Border
o The United States of America
 Sea
o The Atlantic ocean
o The Pacific ocean
o The Arctic ocean
 Mountains
o The Coast Mountains
o The Rocky Mountains
o The Mackenzie Mountains
 4 of the five Great Lakes shares with the USA

 Rivers
o St.Lawrence
o The Mackenzie
o The Fraser River
 Elevation
o The highest = Mount Logan (6.050m) in St.Elias Mountain, Yukon
o The lowest = sea level
 Climate
o Extremely cold in north, generally cold elsewhere
o Mild summer and cool winter
o Central Canada = short mild summer, very cold Winter
GOVERNMENT
 Form od government
o Constitutional monarchy
o A parliamentary democracy with a federál systém = in practise
 Head od state
o The Queen of the United Kingdom  also the Queen of Canada
o The Governor General performs = in practice
 Head of government
o The Prime Minister
 Legislature
o Parlament of two houses
 Senate
 104 members
 Appointment
 House of Commons
 295 members
 Elected
 More powerful than the Senat
 Political subdivision
o 10 provinces
o 3 territories

o







ECONOMY
 Important products
o Agriculture
 Wheat, beef, cattle, barley
o Fishing
 Cod, lobster, salmon
o Manufacturing
 Motor vehicles, food products, machinery
 Wood, petroleum
 Currency
o Canadian dollar = 100 cent
 Major exported goods
o Motor vehicles, wood, wheat
 Major imported goods
o Computers, electronic and electric appliances
o Scientific equipment

PLACES OF INTEREST
Culture of native people
 Inuit
o in the north, travel by dog-sledge, skiing, kayak, showboats
o live in the igloos, trapping, fishing
o eat fish, fruit and vegetable are very expensive - transport by planes
o parka - special warm cloth
 Indians
o they call themselves first nation, they live in the reservations, in normal houses, they use cars … - in the middle
o still live their traditional life connected with hunting,
o not enough education - poor living conditions, taking drugs, drug addict, unemployment...
o they have a lot of advantages- free education, government gives then a lot of land they can hunt, live their traditional life but their children have to attend (navštěvovat) schools
o they are very proud of their history, many museums
Atlantic Provinces
 Newfoundland and Labrador
o Lots of provincial park, ecological reserves
o A viking village form about AD 1000 was designed a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978
 Prince Edward Island
o Charlottetown – the capital, the largem city x the smallest capital in Canada
o The Confederation Bridge to New Brunswick (the longest, 13km)
 Nova Scotia
o Scottish dancing, Scottish sports – really popular
o Scottish Highland festivals
 Quebec
o Canada’s only french speaking province
o In old part of Quebec city we can see old stone buildings and historic French-style architecture
 Ontario
o The most urban urbanized canadian province
o Ottawa
 The capital city
 The seat of the federál government
 Niagara Falls
o Width more than a kilometre
Prairie Provinces
 Manitoba
o The largem population of Icelanders outsider Iceland lives here – arrived in 1875
 Saskatchewan
o Ice-hockey, curling = the most popular Saskatchewan’s sports
 British Columbia
o Vancouver
 One of the largem cities on Canada
The Territorie
 The Northwest Territories
o Great Slave Lake
 The largest lake in Canada
 The Yukon Territory
o Kluane National Park and Reservation
 Mount Logan
 The Nunavut
o Iqaluit
 Home to one of the largem Inuit communities in the world